Pre-Test Processing Differences of Test-Anxious Students

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in persons with test anxiety (TA) compared to those without test anxiety to examine pre-test processing differences, specifically in terms of test preparation and study methods. This research is important to many individuals, as testing is a large part of education, and performance may affect a person\u27s future opportunities. Further understanding of pre-testing differences in study methods of test-anxious students may lead to possible interventions to improve performance of those who experience TA. The research will collect data from 30 participants who will be administered the Cognitive Test Anxiety Inventory (CTAI) designed by Cassady and Johnson (2002) to determine if the participant experiences test anxiety (scores over fifty-four will indicate test anxiety). Participants will be administered two study conditions, the control and the experimental conditions. Both study conditions will be composed of an auditory lecture piece and a written piece followed by a multiple choice test over the material. The test following the learning conditions will consist of equal parts memory and comprehension questions. The control study will be allotted a study time during which they may use any notes or methods that they chose to prepare for the test. The experimental condition will differ in the incorporation of a study guide with a list of terms that participants may use during study time. Test performance results will be analyzed for differences within participants and between groups. It is hypothesized that scores in the study-guide condition will be higher than in the control group. Results have yet to be found, as research has yet to be conducted. The findings from this research can help provide a more comprehensive picture of test anxiety and can lead to future interventions to improve study habits and test performance for those who are affected by TA

UNDERLYING CAUSES OF BURNOUT FOR PRACTITIONERS WHO INTERVENE WITH PERSONS LIVING WITH SUBSTANCE USE

ABSTRACT Professors repeatedly warn students against burnout throughout the years of schooling that is required to earn a credential or license to work with persons who suffer from a substance use disorder. Despite these many warnings, burnout amongst practitioners continues to occur. There has been considerable research done over the years on the phenomenon of practitioner burnout, its causes and how to prevent it. Substance use disorder practitioners’ challenges often include high caseloads, difficult cases and lack of self-care. The data collected through an electronic server Survey Monkey allowed for a quantitative cross-sectional analysis which focused on participants’ perceptions of the causes of burnout and methods used for self-care. Respondents were recruited from two substance use disorder treatment programs, participation was voluntary. The analysis highlighted that the survey participants (n=30) view self-care as an appropriate intervention against burnout. These findings present: underlying causes of burnout; effective self-care practices for practitioners who are suffering from burnout; and how practitioners with higher education viewed self-care differently. Among the goals of the research done in this project was to bring awareness to; underlying causes of burnout; solutions to prevent burnout and effective techniques currently being used by practitioners that contributes additional knowledge to social work’s knowledge on burnout and self-care methods for practitioners experiencing burnout symptoms

Transitive phrasal verbs with the particle "out": A lexicon-grammar analysis

International audienceUsing a lexicon-grammar approach developed by Maurice Gross (1992), this project involved systematically mapping the structural properties of over 550 transitive phrasal verbs with the particle "out", "PV out". The data is analyzed in terms of two main tables or matrices. The first table illustrates the morpho-syntactic properties of purely simple "PV out" expressions, like "freak out the kid" ↔ "freak the kid out". The second table illustrates the morpho-syntactic combinations of complex "PV out" expressions, as in "take the boxer out of the fight". The research shows that "PV out" expressions may involve up to 25 syntactic features, including N 2 promotion, as in "The girl spilled the water out of the glass" → "The girl spilled the glass out", complex-neutral constructions, like "The water spilled out of the glass", and reversed constructions, like "The company farmed the oil out of the land" →"The company farmed the land out of oil". The research shows that these syntactic combinations are highly lexical in that a unique combination of features applies to individual phrasal verbs

Assimilation concerns of immigrant high school students to the United States

This dissertation examined the difficulties in assimilation faced by immigrant students in our nation\u27s public schools. One paradigm through which these difficulties might be viewed is the phenomenon of cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance was defined as the psychological discomfort aroused by dissonant cognitions experienced by an individual. A review of the literature substantiated the fact that immigrant students are bombarded by dissonant cognitions every day in American schools as they adapt to their new lives here. Some resolve the psychological stress caused by these dissonant cognitions better than others

Careers in Research and Volunteering

The presentation covers the professional career service and job search coaching available to all current students and alumni and the opportunities available for volunteering, mentoring and leadership opportunities

Presença de 20% ou mais de clue cells como um criterio diagnostico de vaginose bacteriana em esfregaços de Papanicolaou

Orientador: Jose Antonio SimõesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias MedicasResumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a acurácia da presença de pelo menos 20% de clue cells nos esfregaços de Papanicolaou para o diagnóstico de vaginose bateriana (VB), avaliar a reprodutibilidade interobservador deste critério padronizado e comparar a acurácia das amostras cervicais e vaginais para este diagnóstico. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de validação de teste diagnóstico envolvendo 135 mulheres em idade reprodutiva atendidas no ambulatório de Planejamento Familiar da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. As mulheres foram submetidas a um exame ginecológico, no qual foram coletadas amostras cervicais e do fundo de saco vaginal para o exame de Papanicolaou, e também amostras do fundo de saco vaginal para realização do exame bacterioscópico corado pelo método de Gram e a para o exame a fresco. Avaliaram-se também os quatro critérios clínicos de Amsel para diagnóstico de VB. As lâminas de Gram foram analisadas utilizando os critérios bacterioscópicos de Nugent, método considerado padrão-ouro, no qual uma pontuação = 7 foi considerada positiva para VB. Nos esfregaços de Papanicolaou a presença de 20% ou mais de clue cells foi considerada positiva para VB, sendo este critério avaliado por dois observadores de laboratórios diferentes. Resultados: A freqüência de VB foi de 22% quando diagnosticada pelo método de Nugent, 24% pelo método de Papanicolaou e 29% pelos critérios de Amsel. O exame de Papanicolaou para o diagnóstico de VB utilizando como o critério a presença de pelo menos 20% de clue cells nos esfregaços, apresentou sensibilidade de 87%, especificidade de 94%, valor preditivo positivo de 81% e valor preditivo negativo de 96%. Este critério resultou em uma excelente concordância entre as amostras cervicais e vaginais (Kappa: 0,92) e também em uma excelente concordância entre os dois observadores (Kappa: 0,87). Conclusão: A presença de 20% ou mais de clue cells nos esfregaços de Papanicolaou é um critério acurado e reprodutível para o diagnóstico de VB, podendo ser utilizado para o diagnóstico presuntivo desta infecção sem a necessidade de coleta adicional de amostra vaginalAbstract: Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the presence of at least 20 % of clue cells to diagnose bacterial vaginosis (BV) in Pap-smear, to asses the reproducibility of this criterion for the diagnosis of BV between different observers and to compare the accuracy of samples collected from cervical and vaginal sites to perform the diagnosis of BV. Methods: This is a diagnostic test validation study of 135 women of reproductive age attending at the Family Planning Out-patient Clinic of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas. A pelvic examination was performed to collect samples from cervical and vaginal sites for Pap-smear. Swabs were also collected for Gram¿s stain and wet mount. Amsel¿s criteria were also used for the presence of BV. The Gram stained slides were evaluated and graded for the presence of BV using Nugent¿s criteria. A score = 7 was defined as BV and considered as gold standard. The presence of = 20% of clue cells in Pap-smears was defined as positive for BV. These Pap-smears were analysed by two cytologists from different laboratories. Results: The frequency of BV was 22% by Nugent¿s criteria, 29% by Amsel¿s criteria and 24% by Pap-smear criterion. The use of the presence of at least 20% of clue cells in the Pap-smear for the diagnosis of BV showed a sensitivity of 87%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 81% and negative predictive value of 96%. The concordance among the cervical and vaginal samples for the diagnosis of BV by Pap-smear was excellent (Kappa: 0.92). In addition, the concordance between the observers for diagnosis of BV by Pap-smear was also excellent (Kappa: 0.87). Conclusion: Our findings support the accuracy and reproducibility of Pap-smear for presumptive diagnosis of BV using the presence of 20% of clue cells as a diagnosis criterion. Furthermore, the results suggest that the screening of BV by Pap's can be made without an additional vaginal sample collectionMestradoCiencias BiomedicasMestre em Tocoginecologi